Unhealthy relationships can have a significant detrimental impact on your health, happiness, and overall well-being. The problem is that while some relationships are clearly toxic or even abusive, other unhealthy relationship patterns can be much more subtle and difficult to recognize.
While no relationship is perfect, it is important to be able to recognize the signs of an unhealthy relationship and know what to do to either change it or end it.
This article discusses some of the common characteristics of unhealthy relationships and how to recognize if you are in one. It also covers steps you can take to make your relationship healthier and when to seek professional help.
Common Characteristics of Unhealthy Relationships
Every relationship is different and may change over time. There are some important qualities that tend to characterize unhealthy relationships.
Relationships that are marked by these dynamics and problems tend to contribute to more tension, conflict, and stress. This can apply to romantic relationships, but other types of relationships can be affected by unhealthy patterns as well, including your relationships with family members, friends, and coworkers.
In unhealthy relationships, one person may try to control the other person’s life. This may be done through intimidation, but it can also involve other types of manipulation.
Sometimes the person may engage in behaviors that seem extremely affectionate and loving. In reality, these actions are designed to keep tabs on the other individual and prevent them from doing things or going places where they are outside of the other person’s control.
Controlling behavior can also involve isolating a person from their friends and family. It can also mean cutting off communication, cutting off access to finances, or making it difficult to leave the situation.
Control may also take the form of possessiveness and jealousy. While both of these are normal human emotions that people may experience from time to time, they are unhealthy when someone is trying to control what you do, when they lash out at you when they become upset, or when they accuse you of infidelity.
Lack of Trust
Unhealthy relationships are often marked by a lack of trust. You might feel like you have to hide things from your partner, or you might often feel like they are hiding things from you.
In order to develop healthy trust, both people in a relationship have to engage in mutual, reciprocal self-disclosure. This involves revealing things about yourself over time as the relationship deepens and grows. The process of sharing and listening contributes to feelings of emotional intimacy and closeness. But if you feel like you cannot trust the other person with your innermost feelings, you’re not likely to tell them your feeling, thoughts, or memories.
How trusting you and your partner are may be shaped, in part, by your overall attachment style. These patterns of behavior are often established in childhood based on interactions and experiences with caregivers, but they continue to shape how you respond in romantic relationships in adulthood.
If you have a history of not being able to depend on the people you should be able to trust the most, you may find it difficult to trust your romantic partners.
Disrespect can take a variety of forms in unhealthy relationships. Sometimes it might mean someone being dismissive of the other person. In other cases, it can involve outright ridiculing or making fun of the opinions or interests of the other person.
This disrespect can often feel like rejection, which can lead to a range of emotions including hurt feelings, shame, guilt, loneliness, embarrassment, and social anxiety.
Poor Communication
Good communication is a cornerstone of any healthy relationship. Unhealthy relationships are often marked by patterns of ineffective communication. This might involve not talking about problems, avoiding difficult issues, expecting the other person to be a mind reader, not listening, getting defensive, or stonewalling in order to avoid confronting problems in the relationship.
Communication style has been shown to be a key predictor of divorce and has more of an impact than commitment, stress, and personality when it comes to marital success.
How to Change an Unhealthy Relationship
The social connection and support that relationships provide are essential for both physical and emotional health. Studies have found that healthy relationships can affect your life in positive ways, including lowering your risk of dying and protecting you from loneliness and isolation.
Because good relationships are so essential for your well-being, it is essential to take steps to protect yourself from those that have the potential to damage your health. If you believe that you are in an unhealthy relationship, it is important to take steps to fix the problem.
Change is possible if both people are committed to addressing the problems and are open to making a change.
Decide if the Relationship Is Fixable
The first step is to decide whether or not the unhealthy relationship can be repaired. In order to heal the damage and move forward in a way that is healthy for both people involved, it is necessary to make sure that both parties are willing to participate in making the relationship work. When one person is unwilling to change their unhealthy behavior, the relationship is likely not savable.
Maintain Interdependence
Healthy relationships encourage interdependence instead of codependence. People who are interdependent understand the benefits of being able to turn to their partner when they need support, and they recognize the value and importance of supporting their partner. At the same time, they are able to maintain their own sense of self outside of their partner and their relationship with one another.
When both people in a relationship strive for interdependence, they are able to strike a balance where they are able to offer emotional intimacy and support their partner’s needs while not becoming dependent on the other person.
Build a Healthy Connection
Building a healthy connection with the other person is a key step toward overcoming an unhealthy relationship. Once you’ve recognized the unhealthy or toxic patterns that have been detrimental to your relationship, it is important to work together to overcome them and build a healthier, more supportive connection, you can do this by taking the following steps.
Work together to recognize and avoid unhealthy patterns within your relationship.
The first step toward building a healthy emotional connection is recognizing the problematic patterns that have been an issue for you both or any destructive behavior that has led you to this point of disconnection.
List the emotional needs that are important to you.
You cannot expect your partner to fulfill emotional needs that you do not make clear to them, so it is essential to communicate these emotional goals for your relationship in order for there to be real emotional understanding and emotional connection between you both.
Offer emotional support to your partner.
In order for an emotional connection to be established between you and the other person, both of you should be willing to offer emotional support in a positive manner that is free from guilt or manipulation.
Listen actively when your partner speaks.
Verbal communication is an important part of emotional connection, so make sure you are supportive and foster these connections through meaningful conversation that demonstrates emotional interest, understanding, and support.
Avoid emotional manipulation.
It is important not to use the emotional connection as a way of manipulating the other person into doing something they do not want to do, this will only damage your relationship further and reduce the emotional connection between you both.
Other strategies that can help:
- Maintain healthy boundaries
- Have personal goals and continue pursuing them
- Avoid minimizing yourself to please other people
- Focus on being your authentic self
- Spend time learning about what you like and what’s important to you
- Expect others to treat you with respect and show respect for them
- Maintain your relationships with other people outside of the relationship
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